With the help of science and technology, mankind finally walked out of the earth and saw the vast universe. In front of the universe, the earth is so small, and the galaxy in which the earth is located is a star system, we call it the solar system.
In the center of the solar system is a star whose mass accounts for 99.86% of the mass of the entire solar system. There are eight planets orbiting around it. The earth is the third planet from the inside to the outside, and it is also the only intelligent life planet in the solar system.
The solar system is home to human existence. For it, scientists naturally want to figure out how it came from? Regarding the origin of the solar system, we cannot go back to 5 billion years ago to watch the entire formation process. Does that mean we cannot know how the solar system came? of course not.
We all know that there are countless star systems in the vast universe. Our solar system is not a special galaxy. It is just an ordinary star system. Apart from the birth of the earth, this life planet, it is not much different from other star systems. The difference.
The formation of the solar system was born under the general environment of the universe, so the formation process of the solar system naturally has many similarities with the formation processes of other star systems. Therefore, by studying and observing the birth process of other star systems, we can simulate the formation and evolution of the solar system.
And it has been 13.8 billion years since the birth of the universe. In such a long period of time, new star systems are born and old star systems are destroyed at every moment. By observing the evolution of other star systems, we have also roughly figured out the evolution of the Sun.
About 5 billion years ago, the position of the solar system at that time was still a chaotic nebula, which we called the solar nebula. As a result of the explosion of surrounding super galaxies, huge shock waves began to vibrate the solar nebula. A relatively dense area inside the nebula began to collapse, forming the most primitive sun.
The sun at this time has not yet formed a star, it is just an ordinary celestial body. After the primordial sun was formed, relying on its own gravitational advantage, it began to continuously absorb the materials in the nebula into the body, and the density and mass became larger and larger. Until one day, it reached the point where nuclear fusion ignited and completely evolved into a bright star.
After the formation of the sun, those residues left in the nebula formed planets, various asteroids, meteorites, and so on. According to scientists’ estimates, when the early solar system was just formed, the number of planets was not the current eight, but at least 100.
Since the early solar system has not really stabilized, the entire galaxy is very chaotic, and celestial collision events often occur. In the process of constant collisions, the number of planets is also declining, and in the end only eight are left. According to speculation, the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter may be the result of the collision of planets in the early solar system.
In such a state of chaos, it is naturally difficult for the earth to stand alone, and it was also collided from the side by a planet the size of Mars. This collision changed the fate of the earth. Not only did it bring the carbon, nitrogen and sulfur necessary for the birth of life to the earth, but the debris from the collision also formed the moon we see today.
The moon has played a key role in the formation of the earth’s ecology. Without it, the earth’s rotation speed would be difficult to slow down quickly, nor would it be possible to form a strong earth-moon tidal force. The speed of rotation and tidal force are very important for the formation of an ecosystem. Without a relatively perfect and stable ecosystem, there will be no subsequent birth and evolution of life.
After establishing the evolution model of the solar system, scientists magically discovered that there might be three “earths” in the solar system billions of years ago. Since there were three “earths” in the solar system a long time ago, why is there only one left now, and the other two? Where did you go? In fact, they have not disappeared, they have been guarding the earth.
These two “earths” are Venus and Mars as we now know them. They are also planets in the habitable zone and are the third neighbors of the earth. Scientists have discovered through probe observations that both Venus and Mars are terrestrial planets, with many similarities to the earth, especially Venus, whether it is mass or volume, etc., are too similar to the earth. Scientists also call them sister planets. .
They are also in the habitable zone, so scientists speculate that in the early days of the solar system, these two planets might also be beautiful ecological planets, not much different from the earth. They also have magnetic fields, atmospheres and oceans, and possibly also Like the earth, early life was born.
Although Venus and Mars may have been life planets a long time ago, they took a different path from the earth in the later planetary evolution process. I believe many friends know that Venus can be called a purgatory planet, with a surface temperature of 460 degrees Celsius and an air pressure 92 times that of the earth.
The reason why Venus has such a harsh environment is that 96% of its atmosphere is carbon dioxide, there is 3.5% nitrogen, and there is a relatively thick layer of acid rain. What caused Venus to change from a beautiful ecological planet to a purgatory planet?
Scientists believe that it may be caused by a large-scale asteroid impact. A long time ago, Venus ushered in a large-scale asteroid impact. The huge impact wave caused the continuous eruption of Venus’s volcanoes and produced a large amount of carbon dioxide and dioxide streams. These greenhouse gases continued to rise, changing the structure of the atmosphere, and finally let The ecosystem has completely changed, becoming a hot and desolate planet.
Mars becomes like this, which is different from the disaster of Venus. It is mainly the follow-up ecological drastic changes brought about by the continuous disappearance of the magnetic field. We all know that Mars is much smaller than Earth. Its inner core radius is only 1800 kilometers, which is far smaller than the earth’s 3470 kilometers.
The inner core is too small, coupled with frequent volcanic activity, so that the magnetic field of Mars continues to weaken. We must know that the magnetic field is very important for an ecological planet. It can not only withstand the solar wind and cosmic radiation, but also prevent the continuous loss of the atmosphere.
The inner core of Mars is constantly cooling, and the magnetic field is beginning to weaken day by day. In addition, the gravity of Mars itself is too small. As a result, the solar wind violently entered the Martian atmosphere and the surface of Mars, began to continuously strip the atmosphere, and at the same time allowed the liquid water on the surface to evaporate, and finally turned into a desolate desert world.
However, the situation of Mars is much better than that of Venus. According to surveys in recent decades, there are still ice caps at the poles of Mars, and there may still be a large amount of liquid water under the ice. And the inner core of Mars is not impossible to reactivate. As long as humanity’s future scientific and technological strength is further improved, we may have a way to re-move the inner core of Mars, restore its magnetic field, and change the Martian atmosphere step by step, and finally let Mars Become a new home suitable for human survival.
Through the examples of Venus and Mars, we can see that the ecological environment of a planet is actually very fragile. As long as some disasters occur, it is easy to make a planet extremely desolate, and the activities of human industry are actually deteriorating the earth’s environment. If there is no control and change, it is possible that the earth will become a second one in the near future. Venus or Mars, at that time, humans will lose their homeland of Earth.
