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Mankind was born millions of years ago, and after continuous evolution and development, it finally entered the age of civilization tens of thousands of years ago. The formation of human civilization has brought new development opportunities for mankind. After tens of thousands of years of hard work, human civilization has continued to grow and develop.
However, the real qualitative change of human civilization was the first industrial revolution that occurred in the middle of the 18th century. It allowed mankind to enter the industrial age from the handicraft era and opened the door to technological development. The advent of science and technology has caused major changes in human productivity, changed people’s lifestyles, and pointed out a new direction for the future of mankind.
In the entire scientific field, there are many sub-disciplines, and what really allows us to recognize the world and the essence of things is physics. The greatness of physics is believed to be recognized by everyone. Whether we want to uncover the mysteries of matter or the mysteries of the universe, the development of physics is needed.
Physics is the key for humans to recognize the world and explore the world. It is a bridge for us to enter the new world. There are many laws of physics in physics. Through these laws, we have a new understanding of the world. However, with the continuous development of physics, many problems have been solved, but there are also many new problems, some of which cannot be explained. They have plagued the scientific community for hundreds of years. There are three scientific problems. Three of them are the most obvious. They are real, but they can’t get a reasonable scientific explanation.
1. Why is positive and negative matter asymmetric?
I believe many of my friends have heard of antimatter. It was first discovered by the physicist Paul Dirac in 1927 when he was studying the Dirac equation, and the result of anti-energy appeared unexpectedly, so the concept of antimatter was proposed.
In 1995, scientists at CERN had produced the world’s first antimatter—antihydrogen atoms in the laboratory. In 1996, the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States successfully produced 7 anti-hydrogen atoms. In the years that followed, scientists succeeded in producing other antiparticles.
The successful manufacture of antiparticles has made the concept of antimatter a reality and made us realize that there is not only positive matter but also antimatter in this universe. Antimatter is the anti-state of normal matter. When the positive and negative matter meet, the two parties will annihilate each other and cancel each other, explode and generate huge energy.
Through various studies, scientists believe that antimatter should have the same status as positive matter, and they should be equal in quantity. There is no such thing as who is high and who is low, and who is more and who is less. Scientists also believe that after the Big Bang occurred 13.8 billion years ago, matter just appeared in the same amount at the same time.
So is such a perception correct? Is the amount of positive and negative matter the same? Although in theory they should be the same quantity, scientists have discovered through research and calculations that the actual situation is quite different. The amount of positive matter in the universe is very different from the amount of antimatter, and even we can only see the positive matter. No antimatter.
The reality is indeed like this. What we usually see is positive matter, and antimatter can only be obtained through some methods in the laboratory, but with the current technology of mankind, we can’t really make antimatter, we can only make it. Some antiparticles, and their existence time is also very short.
So where did the same amount of antimatter go? Could it be gathered somewhere in the universe to form an antimatter space? In this regard, it is difficult for scientists to give an answer. Although we know that antimatter does exist, we do not know why positive and antimatter are so asymmetrical. In the early evolution of the universe, what happened to make antimatter so scarce ?
2. What is dark matter?
The matter that we can observe in the universe is called visible matter, so is the entire universe composed of these visible matter? A long time ago, scientists always believed that the universe was made of visible matter. However, as humans continued to observe the universe, many unusual cosmic phenomena were discovered, such as abnormal galaxy rotation curves.
The galaxy rotation curve describes the relationship between the orbiting speed of visible celestial bodies in the spiral galaxy and the distance from the center of the galaxy. According to the observation of the mass distribution of visible celestial bodies in the spiral galaxy and the calculation of the law of universal gravitation, the movement speed of celestial bodies that rely on the periphery of the galaxy’s center should be slower than that of celestial bodies near the center.
However, scientists’ measurements of the rotation curves of a large number of spiral galaxies show that the speed of outer celestial bodies is almost the same as that of inner celestial bodies, which is much higher than expected. This implies that there is a huge mass of invisible matter in these galaxies. This invisible matter is called dark matter.
In addition, through observation and analysis of galaxy clusters, cosmic microwave background radiation, etc., scientists have also found many anomalies, which all point to the existence of dark matter. So, now scientists don’t doubt the existence of dark matter, but they still don’t know what this matter is.
According to the research of scientists, dark matter is evenly distributed in every corner of the universe, and its amount far exceeds visible matter. According to current research calculations, Science Love believes that normal matter in the universe only accounts for 4.6% of the total mass of the universe, while dark matter accounts for 23%, which is more than 5 times that of visible matter.
So much dark matter seems to imply that humans: the ultimate mystery of the universe may be related to dark matter, and the various operating laws of the universe may also be influenced by dark matter. But even if we know this, we still can’t really understand what the nature of dark matter is?
3. The mysterious geomagnetism
The earth has a strong magnetic field. I believe my friends all know that it completely envelops the earth and forms a protective cover that radiates thousands of kilometers. The magnetic field has a great impact on the earth’s ecology. The reason why life on the surface has been able to evolve safely to the present and the birth of human beings is a major factor that is protected by a strong magnetic field.
The powerful magnetic field can effectively block the intrusion of harmful rays from the sun, thereby protecting various creatures on the surface of the earth. The geomagnetism is not motionless, but constantly changes, and even periodic magnetic pole reversals. Such a huge magnetic reversal will naturally have a great impact on the earth’s ecology.
In 1962, through the study of various details of the strata, scientists believed that there was a huge reversal of geomagnetism before 780,000 years. This reversal lasted for about ten thousand years, and then it became what we observe today. status.
Scientists have discovered, based on recent years of research on magnetic fields, that the number and speed of geomagnetic deflection in the past million years are far greater than before. Why? There is no answer yet. To unravel this mystery, we need to truly understand the earth’s magnetic field. So how does the earth’s magnetic field come from?
Scientists believe that it was formed by the movement of the earth’s core in the center of the earth, but because our technology is not advanced enough to truly explore the core, it is impossible to figure out the secret between the core and the geomagnetism. Perhaps geomagnetism is not as simple as we thought, and there are even more mysterious answers behind it.
The above three problems have always plagued scientists and hindered mankind’s exploration and understanding of the universe. However, it is not easy to completely unravel these three mysteries, and more human efforts are needed. Only when science and technology are truly powerful can we hope to uncover the mystery behind them and make human civilization once again achieve a qualitative leap.