Science is a way for mankind to understand the world and all things in the universe. It frees mankind from ignorance and truly realizes the value of mankind as an intelligent life. Before mankind entered the scientific age, our knowledge of the world was basically blank. In the eyes of the ancients, the natural phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder and lightning were things that Gods had mastered.
It is precisely because the ancients were ignorant of natural phenomena that they feared nature. It was not until mankind embarked on the path of science, with the guidance of science, that we gradually uncovered some of the truths of nature, knowing that there are no so-called gods operating behind them, and everything is a product of scientific rules.
There are many branches in the palace of science, and among the many branches, physics is one of the greatest subjects. To understand the mysteries of all things in the world and the mysteries of the universe, we need to use the laws of physics, and it is the great leap in human physics that has allowed human civilization to achieve a qualitative leap. Physics is an important way for humans to explore the universe with tiny creatures.
It is precisely because of the importance of physics for mankind to explore the universe, so the world-renowned great scientists are basically physicists. For example, Newton, Einstein, Hawking, etc., it is the emergence of these great physicists that have allowed mankind’s scientific exploration to move forward. Galileo opened the door to physics, Newton laid the foundation for mechanics, allowing us to initially understand the universe and celestial bodies, and Einstein opened the door to time and space, allowing us to further understand the secrets of the universe.
In addition to the above-mentioned physical theories that study the nature of macroscopic things, mankind has also initially entered the door of the microscopic world, and the science of studying microscopic mysteries is called quantum mechanics, which is a scientific direction that physicists focus on in the 21st century.
In the process of exploring and researching the macro and micro, physicists have also discovered some physical theories that subvert our cognition, and some of them have been confirmed. Even so, many people still find it difficult to accept. Why do some people just don’t want to accept the physical theories that have been proven? To understand this problem, let’s take a look at three of the physical theories that subvert cognition.
1. Invariance of the speed of light
Speed is an important weight for mankind to explore the mysteries of the world and explore the universe. Without the advantage of speed, it is impossible for us to travel all over the earth, let alone get out of the earth and explore the universe initially. Therefore, scientists have been studying speed breakthroughs, but Einstein’s special theory of relativity put forward the principle of “constant speed of light.”
According to this theory, the speed of light is a constant and will not change. Adding any speed to the speed of light can only get the speed of light. What’s even more bizarre is that the speed of light turns out to be the fastest material speed in the universe. Any object with mass cannot reach the speed of light.
Is “the principle of constant speed of light” correct? Scientists have verified its correctness through a large number of verifications, and indeed found that mass objects can never reach speed. Such a real result is difficult for people to accept, why is it so?
In our cognition, the speed is infinite, as long as the spacecraft can be given infinite energy, then the speed can be accelerated indefinitely. However, the result of the experiment tells us that speed cannot be increased indefinitely. It also has a limit, that is, the speed of light.
For us, the speed of light is a super fast speed, but for the vast universe, it can only be regarded as the speed of a turtle. The Milky Way is 100,000 light-years in diameter, and it will take 100,000 years to go out at the speed of light. For the vast universe, the Milky Way is just a dust. The observable range of human beings is about 93 billion light-years. If it travels at the speed of light, it would take 93 billion years to go out.
93 billion years, this is a desperate number, so the speed of light is the ultimate speed in the universe, which is unacceptable for people. It restricts the pace of human exploration of the universe. If the speed of light cannot break through, it means that humans will be trapped forever. In a limited space. And limited space means limited resources. Without resources, human civilization will also come to an end.
2. The weird quantum superposition. We all know that there is a micro world behind the macro. The science of the micro world is called quantum mechanics. In quantum mechanics, there are many phenomena that subvert the macro theory, such as weird ones. Quantum superposition.
The so-called quantum superposition means that a quantum system can be in a superposition of different quantum states. The famous “Schrodinger’s Cat” theory was once vividly stated as “a cat can be both alive and dead at the same time”.
How can a cat be both alive and dead? This is completely impossible in the macroscopic world, but in quantum mechanics, this weird phenomenon really exists. In our macroscopic world, when the state of things is at the same time and space point, they can only exist in one state. For example, if you stand on the left, then there will be no you on the right; while you are alive, death will not appear, you When you turn left, you don’t turn right at the same time.
Two completely different states cannot exist at the same time in the macroscopic world, but this kind of impossibility has become possible in the quantum world. In the quantum world, the state where you stand on the left and the right can exist at the same time, and the state of your life and the state of death can exist at the same time. Does this seem very strange? Although this result is unacceptable to people, this phenomenon has been scientifically confirmed.
3. Quantum tunneling phenomenon
The phenomenon of quantum tunneling is also a magical phenomenon in the quantum world. I believe that many friends have a dream: that is to pass through the wall magically, and the superpowers that pass through the wall are also shown in some movies, so in the real world , Can anyone do it? the answer is negative.
No matter how many attempts you make, the wall in front of you is impossible for you to pass through. In the macroscopic world, it is impossible to pass through the wall, so what about the microscopic quantum world? What could not happen in the macro play world is once again performed in the micro world.
Scientists have discovered through research that in the quantum world, particles can pass through walls, and nothing can stop the free shuttle of particles. And macroscopic things are also composed of microscopic particles. Since particles can pass through walls, in theory, macroscopic objects should also pass through walls.
Yes, from the perspective of probability, macroscopic objects have a certain chance to pass through a wall. For example, a human body has a certain chance to pass through a wall. However, it is almost impossible to happen in the real world. Why? The reason is that its probability is so low that it makes us desperate, and it is a value that is infinitely close to zero.
Quantum tunneling is difficult for people to accept because it breaks the concept of classical mechanics. Scientists believe that it may be related to the uncertainty principle. The quantum tunneling effect also reminds scientists that the essence of the universe may be “uncertain”, rather than the orderly universe we see.
The above three are the physical theories that have been confirmed by scientists and are difficult for people to accept. Each of them embodies the extraordinary and mysterious, and at the same time allows us to see the shortcomings of human science and technology. Existence is reasonable and conforms to the laws of science. The main reason why we cannot understand them is that human beings are still relatively backward in science and technology. In the face of the universe, the current scientific theories of human beings are completely trivial.
