It has been 64 years since the first man-made satellite was launched in 1957. During these 64 years, the pace of human exploration of the universe has been accelerating, which not only allows us to learn more about the solar system, but also Also set his sights on the more distant galaxies beyond the galactic.
So in these 64 years, which planet has been explored the most by mankind? Seeing this problem, I believe many friends will think of Mars the first time. That’s right, although Mars is not the first planet to be explored after humans stepped out of the earth, it is the planet that humans explore the most, and it is also the planet we know the most.
In fact, after human beings walked out of the earth, the first planet to be explored was the moon, the satellite of the earth. The Apollo program of the United States successfully sent astronauts to the moon in 1969, which was the first step for mankind to explore the outer planet. This can be said to be a big step for mankind. After exploring the moon, the first planet mankind explored was the earth’s neighbor Venus.
However, when the probe arrived at Venus, it was discovered that the environment of Venus was far worse than expected. This is a purgatory planet with a surface temperature of up to 460 degrees Celsius. It also has a very thick atmosphere and acid rain layer, which is complex and harsh. The environment makes it difficult for our probe to land, and it is also unable to clearly detect the surface of Venus through orbit.
The harsh environment of Venus hindered human exploration, and finally scientists had to abandon Venus and shift their focus to Mars. The environment of Mars is much better than that of Venus. The thin atmosphere allows us to observe some conditions on the surface through orbital probes. More importantly, the rover can land on the surface of Mars for long-term mobile detection. In this way, we can get a clear picture of the surface of Mars at close range.
In more than half a century, humans have launched many probes to Mars. Through the continuous exploration and discovery of these probes, we have learned more and more about Mars. Humans’ first impression of Mars is desolation. The surface of this red planet is very similar to the desert environment on the earth. It is dry and desolate and there are often large sandstorms.
With the increasing understanding of Mars, many scientists regard Mars as the second home of mankind, hoping to transform it into a habitable planet. So is it possible for Mars to be successfully transformed? If you want to turn the Martian desert into an oasis, sufficient water sources are indispensable. However, through the exploration of the probe, except for some ice caps found at the Martian poles, no water sources have been found elsewhere.
The current surface of Mars is indeed very desolate, and there is no liquid water. Is this also true of Mars in ancient times? Scientists have discovered a large number of ancient rivers on the surface of Mars through probes. The width of these rivers is twice or more than that of the earth. This shows that the surface of Mars in ancient times also has a lot of water, which may even be more than the water resources of the earth. Be rich.
Based on various observational data, scientists believe that Mars was a planet with abundant water sources in the past, but 3.7-4.1 billion years ago, a large amount of water evaporated on the surface of Mars, and the amount of evaporation was as high as 40-95%. As for why this happens? Scientists are currently unable to give a reasonable answer, more just some conjectures.
It turned out that scientists believed that all the water resources on the surface of Mars had evaporated into space, leaving only a small amount of water ice at the poles. However, according to the latest research report issued by NASA, all our previous inferences may be wrong. There may still be a large amount of water on Mars, which has not evaporated, but is hidden in the earth’s crust.
This situation is similar to that of the Sahara Desert on Earth. It is necessary to know that the surface of the Sahara Desert is dry and without water. However, through the research of scientists, it has been discovered that there are a lot of water resources hidden in the deep crust of the Sahara Desert.
Such a discovery is undoubtedly a huge piece of good news for mankind. Mars has many similarities with the earth. Although the environment is harsh, it still has the potential for transformation and has the potential to become the second home of mankind. However, the transformation requires a lot of water resources. If there is no water on Mars, the possibility of successful transformation will be very small, and even if the transformation can be done, the cost will be very high.
If there is no water on Mars, then we need to transport water from the earth or other water-rich planets. This project will be very large and naturally difficult. But now, through further research and exploration, scientists have inferred that there is still a large amount of water stored in the crust of Mars, so the difficulty of transforming Mars will be greatly reduced.
We must know that water is the source of life. With water, we will not lack water in the future when we establish a preliminary survival base on Mars, and the decomposition of water can produce oxygen to meet human demand for oxygen. More importantly, with water, we can grow all kinds of plants on Mars, and a large number of plants can release oxygen to further transform the ecological environment of the atmosphere.
Life may exist when there is water. For a long time, human beings have an important expectation for the exploration of Mars, that is, to discover life on Mars. But until now, we still haven’t found anything, so can the surface environment of Mars allow some life to survive?
This year, the NASA Space Agency and the German Space Center’s cooperation project brought a new research result. Researchers sent microorganisms to the stratosphere to observe its state on Mars, and the results showed that microorganisms on Earth can survive on the surface of Mars.
This experiment shows that the surface environment of Mars is not a complete life forbidden zone. Since microorganisms can survive, other more complex organisms may also survive. This further confirms our expectation for the existence of life on Mars.
What’s more, life can not only live on the surface, it can also live inside the earth’s crust. It is important to know that there are also many lives inside the earth’s crust, and their number may be far greater than that of surface organisms. There is naturally a source of water in the earth’s crust, and these life depend on the environment inside the earth to survive.
Then there may be a large amount of water stored inside the crust of Mars, so it is entirely possible that some primitive life will be born in the environment here. Therefore, many people believe that there is life on Mars. As long as you continue to explore, it may not take long for major discoveries.
The findings of the new research report released by NASA this time undoubtedly inspire mankind’s expectations for Mars. In the near future, we will establish a base on Mars, and then introduce the water resources in the earth’s crust to the surface of Mars for preliminary transformation. It is believed that as long as humans continue to work hard through the power of science and technology, one day Mars can become a habitable one. Planets, a large number of humans have migrated to Mars to survive, but also prepare a retreat for the future of mankind.
