13.8 billion years ago, a mysterious singularity had an unimaginable big explosion. Between 10^(-35) seconds and 10^(-33) seconds after the explosion, the universe experienced an inflation (inflation). Elementary particles and various forces were born.
It is such a short-lived explosion that the universe has expanded to the range of 10 million light-years, which is really an unimaginable thing. After the birth of the universe, it has not stopped expanding, but has been expanding over time. The current observable range of 93 billion human beings is just the tip of the iceberg of the vast universe.
How did scientists discover that the universe is expanding? The well-known astronomer Edwin Hubble established “Hubble’s Law” in 1929. By observing the constant distance of galaxies in the universe, he confirmed that the universe is expanding continuously, and this expansion speed exceeds the speed of light.
Scientists have established a standard model of the expansion of the universe based on a large amount of data obtained from observations. According to this model, we have a new understanding of the universe. So is this standard model always the same? If the expansion rate of the universe is a relatively stable value, then the standard model established by scientists will not undergo major changes.
But last year, scientists used a new type of telescope to observe the starry sky and collected relevant data. Based on these data, they were surprised to find that the expansion of the universe was much faster than scientists predicted. This is in line with the standard model that scientists have used for decades. Doesn’t match.
In this new study, the scientists used an advanced telescope system at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii. The device uses spherical aberration curved lenses, which can correct the distortion of the image caused by the earth’s atmosphere and obtain ultra-clear images of celestial bodies in space.
By observing and photographing different deformed versions of the same light star in different periods, it is possible to roughly calculate the expansion speed of the universe. It is indeed found through calculation that the expansion speed of the universe is much faster than that predicted by the standard model. Such results are very important for human research and exploration of the universe and the starry sky. It is necessary to know that expansion is the basic feature of the universe.
To explore and study the mysteries of the universe, the expansion of the universe must basically be taken into consideration. If the real expansion rate is very different from the standard model used for decades, then we need to re-formulate the model, and many past research conclusions May have to be rewritten.
So what caused the universe to expand much faster than imagined? Regarding the expansion of the universe, it originated 13.8 billion years ago, so why did the universe expand? In this regard, scientists believe that it is related to dark matter and dark energy. Dark energy is an invisible mystical power. It occupies 68% of the universe.
Scientists believe that dark energy pushes outwards to accelerate the expansion of the universe, and the gravitational effect of the universe may also be closely related to dark energy and dark matter. Seeing that the universe is expanding much faster than expected, in the eyes of scientists, this is not good news.
We all know that the expansion of a balloon requires a continuous supply of external energy. When the balloon expands to a certain level, it will explode, and then the entire space inside the balloon will collapse and be destroyed. So is the expansion of the universe similar to the expansion of a balloon? It is impossible to say that they are completely dissimilar, there are some similarities between them, for example, they all need energy to support.
The expansion of the universe also requires energy to maintain, and scientists currently suspect dark energy. The dark energy pushes outward, causing the universe to continue to expand, while the inner space continues to expand, evolving more galaxies and celestial bodies. Can this expansion continue? I am afraid it is difficult. Everything has a beginning and an end, and the universe is no exception.
There will be a day when the universe expands to its limit as soon as possible. What will happen if the universe expands to its limit? There may be two results, one is if a balloon expands to its limit and explodes, the entire universe is destroyed. The other is that after the universe has expanded to its limit, it stops expanding and then continues to collapse inward, and finally returns to a space-time singularity.
No matter which result it is, it means that the future of the universe will come to an end, but the second way may be a better ending. The collapse of the universe and returning to the singularity is also a long process that allows humans to survive in the universe. Longer time. But if it is the first type, then the life of human civilization will be greatly shortened.
Moreover, the expansion of the universe is accelerating, is this a preliminary manifestation that the universe is about to reach its expansion limit? If this is the case, then humans really need to pay attention. Many friends may have said that the universe is accelerating to expand and reaching its end. What can human beings do? The universe is destroyed, can human beings survive? Naturally, it will also be destroyed along with the universe.
But is the fact so pessimistic? It may not be necessary. If the universe is unique, then once it reaches the end, then human beings will really have no retreat and can only follow the general trend towards the end. But what if the universe is diverse? Scientists once put forward the theory of cosmic pluralism, thinking that there is space outside our universe, and there are countless universes.
If the universe is diversified, then the end of the universe does not mean that mankind will come to an end. We still have hope, that is, to go out of the universe to survive and develop in other universes. Of course, it is not easy to get out of the universe. It is necessary to know that the current technology of mankind can’t even go out of the small solar system. Conventional interstellar voyages can’t get out of the universe at all. Perhaps only the wormholes that are currently under theoretical research can have them may.
Wormholes can break space, and perhaps also break the barriers between the universe and outer space. Of course, to get out of the universe, the prerequisite is to prove the correctness of the multiverse theory. If scientists in the future deny the theory of multiverse and prove that the universe is unique, then we should not have any expectations and can only live and die with the universe.