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Humans began to explore the solar system after they walked out of the earth. The most preferred planet to explore is the moon, and manned people on the surface of the moon in the last century, realizing a big step for mankind to space.
The moon has no atmosphere, just a satellite, without too many secrets, and for humans, the planets that are more valuable for exploration are the planets, especially Venus and Mars, which are in the same habitable zone. The reason why scientists pay more attention to these two planets and believe that they are very valuable is mainly because these two planets have many similarities with the Earth, and they are also habitable planets.
In theory, the planets in the habitable zone have the possibility of becoming a planet of life, but what we know is that only the earth is a beautiful planet of life, Venus and Mars, one is the planet of Purgatory, the other is the planet of the desert. Very bad planet, no life exists.
The earth can become a beautiful ecological planet, and Venus and Mars should also be possible. Therefore, many scientists have speculated that Venus and Mars in ancient times may also be beautiful ecological planets, and even life may have been born. If so, what caused these two planets to become what they are now?
Scientists want to find out the reasons for the drastic changes in their ecological environment, so that they can serve as a reference for the earth and avoid letting the earth follow the same fate in the future. Moreover, the future of mankind will inevitably move towards the stars and start the path of interstellar colonization. Then the second and third homes of mankind may be these two planets, because they all have the foundation to become an ecological planet, but a lot of work is required. The transformation.
After human beings walked out of the earth, the first planet to be explored was Venus, but because of the extremely harsh environment of Venus, the surface temperature was as high as 460 degrees Celsius, the thick atmosphere and the existence of acid rain layer. Such a harsh environment prevented the probe from landing, and scientists had to temporarily abandon the exploration of Venus and shift their main focus to Mars.
The environment of Mars is much better than that of Venus. The thin atmosphere allows the rover to detect in the orbit of Mars, and the rover can also board the surface of Mars for close-range mobile detection. Through billions of years of continuous exploration, scientists have discovered many secrets on Mars, and they have learned more and more about Mars.
When the probe arrives on Mars, its first impression is that it is desolate. The entire surface looks similar to the desert environment of the earth, and there is almost no trace of liquid water. So does Mars really have no water resources? This is very important for mankind. It is important to know that scientists expect Mars to become the second home of mankind.
If there is no liquid water on Mars, then the dream of this new home may be shattered. Water is the source of life and is necessary for human survival. Whether it is to transform the environment of Mars or the survival of humans on Mars, it needs the support of water resources. If Mars does not have water, it will be difficult for us to transform Mars and make it a one. A livable planet suitable for human survival.
So does Mars have water? After continuous exploration by the probe, it is found that although there is almost no trace of liquid water on the surface of Mars, there are cold and hard ice sheets in the polar regions, and liquid water exists under these ice sheets. As early as 2018, European and American scientists used astronomical instruments to discover that there are liquid lakes on the ground or under the ice sheet in some places on Mars.
Three of them are relatively large, the largest one has a diameter of 30 kilometers and an area of more than 600 square kilometers. The area of such a Martian lake is almost as large as the area of Dongping Lake. It must be said that this is a huge discovery. It can also be seen that although Mars is desolate, there are still plenty of water resources.
Some people may have said that the temperature of the poles of Mars is minus 100 degrees Celsius, and the water energy remains liquid? At the beginning, scientists did not believe that there would be liquid water resources at the poles of Mars. It was too cold there, but the probe’s observations actually found liquid lakes. What’s the matter?
The ability to remain liquid in a low temperature environment indicates that the quality of this liquid water is very different from that on the earth. Scientists believe that the liquid water in Martian lakes should be salt brine with very high salinity, only when the salt content is very high. Only in the case of low temperature can it be kept liquid.
This kind of high-salt brine cannot be used and drunk directly. If we want to use the liquid water on Mars, we need to refine it by heating and evaporating to extract the salt to obtain pure water. We used it. In any case, being able to find such a large liquid lake at the poles of Mars is undoubtedly a huge piece of good news for mankind.
So will there be life in these highly tried salt waters? In theory, the possibility of life is very small, but we cannot completely rule it out. You must know that some anaerobic bacteria can survive in such an environment. This may be a good place for scientists to search for life on Mars, but it is very difficult for human probes to land on Mars. Current technology Can’t do it yet.
Therefore, the situation of the lakes at the two poles of Mars can only be observed by orbital probes at present, but it has been discovered that there are multiple liquid lakes here, and the specific situation is still unknown. Regarding the fact that these liquid lakes are of high salt water quality, it is not a definite answer at present. They exist under the ice cover, and there may be another possibility.
If there is volcanic activity at the poles of Mars, the temperature of the volcanic activity will melt the ice above, forming a liquid lake under the ice cover. If this is the case, then these liquid lakes are not ruled out as fresh water. Which one is the truth requires more exploration and research by scientists. The best way is for a probe to go to the poles of Mars and collect water resources in the lake for analysis. The answer can be obtained at that time.
Through more and more explorations of Mars, we have discovered that Mars is indeed not as simple as we thought in the past. It is possible that the first discovery of extraterrestrial life by humans will be on Mars. And more and more evidence also shows that Mars is not as desolate as we think, and the hope that it will become the second home of mankind is more and more surpassed. Perhaps in the near future, a part of humanity will migrate to Mars and form a Martian civilization.